When peritoneal dialysis is performed, the semi-permeable membrane is the:  

A client has been admitted to the hospital because of acute cystitis.  Her nursing care may include all of the following except:  

When it comes evident that the client will require long-term hemodialysis, an internal arteriovenous fistula is created.  Which nursing assessment is most important to perform regularly when a client has an arteriovenous fistula?  

An adult is admitted with suspected urolithiasis.  Which nursing diagnosis is of highest priority when planning nursing care for this client immediately after admission?  

A client with diabetes mellitus and renal failure begins hemodialysis.  Which diet is best on days between dialysis treatment?  

The physician suspects acute pyelonephritis based on the client’s physical exam.  Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess?  

A client has cancer of the urinary bladder.  The client received a cystectomy with an ileal conduit.  The following characteristic would be considered normal for his urine is:  

A client is returning to the medical unit after dialysis session.  The nurse notes bleeding form the client’s vascular access in the left arm.  Which of the following is the nurse’s first action?  

Three of the four following measures will help prevent the development of urinary tract infections.  Which one will not help?  

A client with chronic renal failure has a nursing diagnosis of sensory/perceptual alterations related to central nervous system changes induced by uremic toxins.  Which nursing intervention is appropriate for this problem?