[FinB] What was the treatment in the Representative Study pr…

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[FinB] Whаt wаs the treаtment in the Representative Study presented by Dr. Friman оn “Simple Phоbias”?

Pаssаge 6:Did yоu knоw thаt yоur “mindset,” that is how you view your ability to develop and to grow, can influence your actual learning? According to Carol S. Dweck, the author of “Mindset: The New Psychology of Success,” people hold one of two mindsets. These mindsets can have powerful effects on how we deal with all kinds of things in life.The first mindset is called “the fixed mindset. People with this mindset believe that their talents and abilities are fixed traits. Therefore, they have a certain amount and that’s that; nothing can be done to change it. Many years of research have now shown that when people adopt the fixed mindset, it can limit their success. They become over-concerned with proving their talents and abilities, hiding deficiencies, and reacting defensively to mistakes or setbacks-because deficiencies and mistakes imply a permanent lack of talent or ability. People in this mindset will actually pass up important opportunities to learn and grow if there is a risk of unmasking weaknesses. This is not a recipe for success in business, as ultimately shown by the managers of the now defunct Enron. At Enron, managers rarely admitted any mistakes, even after conviction on literally dozens of counts of mismanagement and fraud, Jeffrey Skillings, the former CEO of Enron, maintained that everything he did at Enron was perfectly legal and in line with good management practice. In the other mindset, the growth mindset, people believe that their talents and abilities can be developed through passion, education, and persistence. For them, it's not about looking smart or grooming their image. It's about a commitment to learning - taking informed risks and learning from the results, surrounding yourself with people who will challenge you to grow, looking frankly at your deficiencies and seeking to remedy them. Most great business leaders have had this mindset, because building and maintaining excellent organizations in the face of constant change requires it. Of course, the growth mindset is a benefit to students. In a recent study, teachers taught struggling students a growth mindset. They were taught that every time they applied themselves and learned something new, their brain formed new connections and, over time, they got smarter. They were also taught how to apply this to their schoolwork. Within a relatively short time, these students showed a clear turnaround in their motivation and their grades. Several other studies have showed the same thing: students taught a growth mindset become more engaged with learning and become higher achievers.”The overall pattern of organization of this passage is