After being caught tagging a wall with graffiti, 14-year-old…
After being caught tagging a wall with graffiti, 14-year-old Jasmine is suspended from school. Teachers begin to refer to her as a “troublemaker,” and other students avoid her. Teachers begin to treat Jasmine differently based on her “troublemaker” reputation. Over time, Jasmine embraces this identity, continues vandalizing, and becomes more deeply involved in delinquent behavior. Which theory best explains Jasmine’s actions?