Figures like Boss Tweed and George Washington Plunkitt were associated with , the corrupt political machine in New York City. The machine was tightly controlled and horrifically corrupt, typical of politics during the Gilded Age. While Gilded Age politicians (particularly in New York) were known for their corruption, they also proved to be at least moderately effective and helpful to their constituents.

Instructions: A short answer ID should briefly address the basic journalistic questions: who or what, when, where, and why. Be sure to discuss the significance. It is recommended that you write a paragraph of at least 4-5 sentences of detail and significance regarding each required term. Write an answer for FIVE (5) of the following, even if you must guess somewhat (partial credit is better than none):Andrew CarnegieThe Freedmen’s BureauThe Frontier ThesisThe Great Constitutional RevolutionMetropolisThe Sears CatalogThe Second Industrial RevolutionSocial DarwinismThe Triangle Shirtwaist FireThe White City 

While historians conclude that Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s presidency was an overwhelming success (he’s generally placed alongside Lincoln and Washington as the greatest American presidents), he had a less-than-stellar record in regard to civil rights, particularly for African Americans. Part of FDR’s poor civil rights record can be owed to . Roosevelt built a coalition which included democrats from this agrarian region where racism was high. He concluded that for any of his programs to be approved, he must avoid alienating these voters, so he largely ignored controversial civil rights issues.

One argument for Soviet victory during Operation Barbarossa, and eventually in the eastern front overall, was the ready supply of American goods, particularly canned food goods like , that was sent to supply Soviet soldiers and civilians. All-in-all, the Americans supplied the Soviets with more than 4 million tons of food.

was unusual among WWII naval battles for its decisive nature. The Americans won an astounding victory over the Japanese in June, 1944, and inflicted a high kill-to-death ration against the Japanese. American aviators referred to it as the Great Marianas Turkey Shoot.

Radicalism thrived both at home and abroad during the Great Depression. The 1930s was the highpoint of fascism in the United States. , a world-renowned aviator, shared the pro-fascist, pro-Nazi, and pro-Hitler feelings of some radical American conservatives. He joined the America First Committee (an isolationist and quasi-fascist conservative organization), gave public speeches defending Hitler and the Nazis, and could be seen making public Nazi salutes alongside like-minded American entrepreneur, Henry Ford.

By the 1920s, , a uniquely American musical style popularized by the African-American community in New Orleans, had become a national sensation, played and heard by both White and Black Americans. The fast pace and spontaneity of the new genre encouraged listeners to dance along to the music. Some moral critics were skeptical of the musical form due to its African roots and a few even accused Black musicians of this genre of using the music to mesmerize young white women.

In 1922, American journalist and social thinker, Walter Lippmann, published an influential critique of American democracy: . In this book Lippmann concluded that the American people were ill-informed and incapable of participating in democracy; not only were modern problems beyond the understanding of ordinary men and women, but the independent citizen was nothing but a myth, instead there existed the Free Mob.

During the Great Depression, spontaneous shantytowns called sprang up all across America to house the chronically unemployed. Many were built on marginal lands just outside cities.

It is simpler to file a suit in a court of record than in an inferior.