A 36-year-old HIV-positive patient presents with a 2-week history of progressive shortness of breath, dry cough, and low-grade fever. On examination, the patient is tachypnoeic and hypoxic. Chest X-ray shows bilateral diffuse interstitial infiltrates. A diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia is suspected. The first-line treatment for this condition is.                                                                                                   

Correct punctuation makes prose more ____.

My high-school pals and I were a ___ group. We stuck together through good times and bad.

Read the passage below and answer each question that follows with the answer most logically supported by the information given. 1What is it about humor that makes us laugh? 2The clue can be found in the fact that almost all jokes contain a contradiction between two realities, usually a conventional and an unconventional one. 3These two realities represent conflicting definitions of the same situation. 4To make people laugh, we first make them clearly aware of their taken-for-granted conventional definition of a situation and then surprise them by contradicting that definition with an unconventional one. 5Look, for example, at the following joke from a study by one researcher: 6My wife comes home and says, “Pack your bags. 7I just won $20 million in the California lottery.” 8“Where are we going? Hawaii? Europe?” I ask jubilantly. 9She says, “I don’t know where you’re going, Doug, as long as it’s out of here.” 10The first two sentences set up in our mind the conventional assumption that the married couple will share the joy of winning the lottery. 11The punch line strikes down that assumption with the unexpected, unconventional reality that a presumably loving wife wants to be free from her husband. The humor in the joke comes from the

Following are the first three stanzas of William Blake’s poem “The Fly.” Read the poem, and then write the letter of the best answer to each question. The Fly Little Fly, Thy summer’s play My thoughtless hand Has brushed away.   Am I not A fly like thee? Or art thou not A man like me?   For I dance, And drink, and sing, Till some blind hand Shall brush my wing. William Blake We can conclude that the image of a wing being brushed symbolizes

Identify the sentence that expresses the central point or thesis statement in each selection.                   1Almost all insects will flee if threatened. 2Many insects, however, have more specialized means of defense. 3Roaches and stinkbugs, for example, secrete foul-smelling chemicals that deter aggressors. 4Bees, wasps, and some ants have poisonous stings that can kill smaller predators and cause pain for larger ones. 5The larvae of some insects have hairs filled with poison. 6If a predator eats one of these larvae, it may suffer a toxic reaction. 7Insects that defend themselves by unpleasant or dangerous chemicals gain two advantages. 8On one hand, they often deter a predator from eating them. 9On the other hand, predators learn not to bother them in the first place.        10Other insects gain protection by mimicry, or similarity of appearance. 11In one kind of mimicry, insects with similar defense mechanisms look alike, and predators learn to avoid them all. 12Bees and wasps mimic each other in this way. 13In another kind of mimicry, insects with no defenses of their own mimic the appearance of stinging or bad-tasting insects. 14Predators avoid the mimic as well as the insect with the unpleasant taste or sting. 15For example, syrphid flies look like bees but do not sting.        16Another kind of defense based on appearance is camouflage, or the ability to blend into surroundings. 17Many kinds of insects and animals have distinctive color markings that make them difficult to see. 18Predators have trouble locating prey that looks like its background. 19An insect is more likely to survive and produce offspring if it is camouflaged than if it is not. The central point/thesis statement is in sentence _______.

1Although it is impossible to put a monetary value on human life, the economic burden of heart disease on our society is staggering—more than $555 billion, according to a 2016 study. 2This figure includes the cost of physician and nursing services, hospital and nursing home facilities, medications, and lost productivity resulting from disability. 3The best line of defense against heart disease is to prevent it from developing in the first place. 4Regular checkups, healthy diet and regular exercise can all prevent arteries from becoming clogged. Which sentence presents the solution in this paragraph? _______

Identify the sentence that best expresses the implied main idea of the paragraph.  All of us have at one time or another have been repelled by so-called agony commercials, which depict in graphic detail the internal and intestinal effects of heartburn, indigestion, clogged sinus cavities, hammer-induced headaches, and the like. Nevertheless, pharmaceutical companies often run such commercials with great success because they appeal to a certain segment of the population that suffers from ailments that are not visible and thus elicit little sympathy from family and friends. Their complaints are legitimized by commercials with which they immediately identify. With the sponsor’s credibility established (“They really understand the misery I’m going through”), the message itself tends to be highly persuasive in getting consumers to buy the advertised product.

Often governmental efforts to manipulate public opinion backfire when the public is made aware of the government’s tactics. Thus, in 1971, the United States government’s attempts to build popular support for the Vietnam War were hurt when CBS News aired its documentary The Selling of the Pentagon, which revealed the extent and character of government efforts to sway popular sentiment. In this documentary, CBS demonstrated the techniques, including planted news stories and faked film footage, that the government had used to misrepresent its activities in Vietnam. In conjunction with the subsequent publication of The Pentagon Papers, these revelations had the effect of undermining public trust in all government claims. One Transition that signals the pattern of organization is ________________.

   1For decades, relief workers had been frustrated in their ability to effectively help victims of famine throughout the world. 2In villages without electricity, it was useless to give people supplies of milk because there was no way to keep the milk from spoiling. 3Powdered milk or grain was equally useless because most villagers didn’t have clean water with which to mix it. 4Then a few years ago, a French nutritionist developed a paste made of peanut butter, vegetable oil, powdered milk, and powdered sugar, and enriched with vitamins and minerals. 5Since the paste didn’t need refrigeration, water, or cooking, mothers, simply squeezed it out of plastic packages to feed their children. 6The results have been miraculous, children who consume the peanut butter paste add pounds rapidly, often going from a near-death state to relative health in a month. 7Not surprisingly, some are calling the paste the greatest health breakthrough since the antibiotic penicillin. Which sentence presents the solution in this paragraph? _______