Cognitive dissonance creates discomfort that motivates people to change __________ or __________.

__________ proposed the general adaptation syndrome to describe the body’s response to stress.

From a behaviorist perspective, phobias often develop through __________ conditioning.

Carl Rogers emphasized the importance of __________ positive regard.

The two major approaches to treating psychological disorders are __________ and biomedical therapy.

Freud believed most defense mechanisms function at an __________ level.

The statement, “I drink because all of my friends do” indicates the _________ stage of Kohlberg’s moral reasoning.

__________ therapy works through repeated contact without aversive or negative consequences.

Justifying unacceptable behavior with logical explanations is called __________.

Cultural expectations for male and female behavior are known as gender __________.