Lab question: Microbiologists and other scientists use oil immersion because ____.   

Choose the best description for each given class of antibody. 

SHORT ANSWER QUESTION #2: According to course materials only, list and explain Koch’s four postulates, then provide two examples of scenarios discussed in class (bacterial or viral) by which Koch’s postulates do not apply. (6pts) NOTE: When writing your short answer response, I am not looking for what Google or Chat GPT (or other generative AI programs) provides you as an answer to this question. Only responses derived from course materials shall be accepted.  

Choose the best description for each term. 

From the list of structures below, select the molecule most likely to have immunogenicity.   

SHORT ANSWER QUESTION #1: According to course materials only, explain the major difference between entry (penetrance) of bacteriophage and entry (penetrance) of animal virus into host cell. (2pts) NOTE: When writing your short answer response, I am not looking for what Google or Chat GPT (or other generative AI programs) provides you as an answer to this question. Only responses derived from course materials shall be accepted.  

The resistance to reinfection by the measles virus following a measles infection is an example of ____.   

Viral infection of human host cells is limited in that ____.   

Lab question: You have placed cultures in an anaerobic jar, activated the chemical pack, and sealed the jar. Later, you notice the methylene blue strip is colorless. Why is the methylene blue strip colorless?   

The codon of a tRNA molecule dictates which amino acid the tRNA molecule carries.