Freezing/Frostbite does not occur until skin temperature drops to between _______ or lower.

Which modality is most appropriate for the heat treatment of deeply situated structures?

The typical response to a superficial heat treatment includes:

In the following cases, which application of superficial thermotherapy is LEAST appropriate?

Tissue damage from cryotherapy agents occurs at temperatures below _______.  Therefore, when applying cold modalities in rehabilitation, temperatures should be kept above:

Hydrocollator packs may be prescribed for all of the following conditions, with one likely exception.

A therapist checks the water temperature of the hydrocollator after several patients report the heat being very strong.  Which of the following temperatures would be acceptable?

Which position would be most appropriate when applying a hot pack to a patient’s low back for pain, who has a history of open heart surgery and pain with prolonged standing, sitting, and walking?

The tissue with the highest attenuation rate of 1MHz Ultrasound is _____.

A 55 y/o female, diagnosed with a right hip intertrochanteric fracture is 8 weeks status post open reduction and internal fixation with a metal plate and pinning.  The patient currently has pain with hip flexion and abduction.  According to your Cameron text, ultrasound could be an acceptable modality for this patient.