How did the population of birds develop insulating feathers during an ice age rather than, say, becoming featherless and naked?

Cotton-topped tamarins are small primates with tufts of long white hair on their heads. While studying these creatures, you notice that males with longer hair get more opportunities to mate and father more offspring. To test the hypothesis that having longer hair is adaptive in these males, you should ________. (Choose the best answer)

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view, from different subdisciplines, and representing diverse cultures? 

Research has shown that positive thinking can have a beneficial impact by reducing test anxiety and improving performance on exams. For your first question, select a positive affirmation from below to carry with you as you complete the quiz and write it as your answer for this first question. If you have your own positive affirmation, feel free to write it instead.   I’ve done my best to study for this test and am well prepared. I will use any nervous energy I have as a positive force. This is a good opportunity to show what I know. This is just one test, and it doesn’t define who I am as a person or what my future holds. I have the skills to succeed on this exam.

A 70-year-old male presents for evaluation of severe pain in his left eye, decreased vision, “seeing halos around lights,” nausea and vomiting. On examination, the patient’s left pupil is moderately dilated and nonreactive. The cornea is ‘steamy’ in appearance and the eye appears  generally red.  Based on this information, which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?

An 8-year-old female presents to the Family Medicine clinic with her mother.  Her mother reports that the patient has had nasal congestion and nighttime cough for almost two weeks. The patient’s 3-year-old brother had similar symptoms that began around the same time and have since resolved. The patient initially seemed to be improving, but four days ago she began developing worsening nasal discharge and fever to 102.6°F at home. Her mother denies any change in appetite. The patient denies sore throat, ear pain, and headache. She is otherwise healthy. In the office, her temperature is 102.2°F, blood pressure is 96/71 mmHg, pulse is 128/min, and respirations are 18/min. On physical exam, the nasal turbinates are edematous and erythematous. She has a dry cough. Purulent mucoid drainage can be visualized dripping from the posterior nasopharynx. Her maxillary sinuses are tender to palpation. Which of the following organisms is most likely to be causing this patient’s current condition?

A 62-year-old woman presents with a 2-year history of knee pain; it has been getting worse. She reports the pain is bilateral, but it is worse on her left side. She describes the pain as deep and “achy”; it is located in the front and back of her knees. Her pain increases after long days on her feet, and it is somewhat relieved with over-the-counter pain relievers and rest. She denies other joint problems. The patient denies trauma to her knees. She has no known other chronic medical conditions, and she takes no regular medications. She has never had surgery. She works in food service for the local school district. On physical exam, her BMI is 42. The other vital signs are normal. Both knees exhibit crepitus and some decreased range of motion in flexion and extension. No erythema, edema, or warmth is noted in the joints. The remainder of her examination is normal.An X-ray is obtained, and it shows narrowed joint spaces and some subchondral sclerosis.   Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis for this patient?

A 42 year-old female presents with complaints of ongoing fatigue, “always feeling cold”, and mild constipation. During your diagnostic evaluation her TSH result is found to be elevated. Which of the following skin findings would you expect on examination?

A 36-year-old female presents to her primary care physician for evaluation of bilateral nipple discharge. She has observed a milky discharge coming from her nipples for the past month. She has felt fatigued lately and has experienced decreased libido. She also reports headaches that typically resolve by the middle of the day and a 5-pound weight gain this past month. Vital signs include: T: 99.5°F (37.5°C), BP 132/76 mmHg, pulse is 60/min, respirations are 15/min, and oxygen saturation is 98% on room air. On physical exam, auscultation of the heart and lungs is within normal limits. A neurological exam reveals cranial nerves II-XII as grossly intact. Which of the following conditions is the most likely diagnosis?

Hypothyroidism is an important secondary cause of elevated total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol.