A PNP-AC notices that a recent Cochrane systematic review contradicts the current unit protocol for post-operative pain management in children. Which action best demonstrates the integration of evidence-based practice into clinical care?

A 1-day-old neonate presents with bilious vomiting and abdominal distension. An upper gastrointestinal series reveals a “double bubble sign.” Which diagnosis is most likely?

A 7-year-old with epilepsy continues to have breakthrough seizures despite being on the maximum recommended dose of levetiracetam monotherapy. Which next step is most appropriate?

A 7-year-old presents with recurring moderate-to-severe unilateral throbbing headaches preceded by a visual aura, accompanied by nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia, lasting 2-4 hours and relieved by sleep. Which diagnosis best fits this presentation?

A 12-year-old requires a lumbar puncture for suspected meningitis. Which set of CSF results is most consistent with viral (aseptic) meningitis?

Which fontanelle finding in a 9-month-old is most abnormal and warrants urgent further evaluation?

A premature neonate at 30 weeks gestation on conventional mechanical ventilation has a PaCO2 of 65 mmHg with pH 7.22. Which ventilator adjustment should be made first to correct the hypercapnia?

When obtaining a history from a 16-year-old female presenting with lower abdominal pain, which question is most appropriate to ask the adolescent privately?

A parent reports that their 3-year-old “stopped talking” approximately 2 months ago. What is the priority question to ask in the developmental history?

A 7-year-old presents with recurrent epistaxis, easy bruising, and prolonged bleeding from minor cuts since infancy. Which physical exam finding most suggests a platelet function disorder rather than a coagulation factor deficiency?