A 77-year-old client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulm…

A 77-year-old client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing respiratory acidosis caused by carbon dioxide (CO2) retention. Which pathophysiologic principle would the nurse expect if the client’s compensatory mechanisms were working to correct the acid base imbalance? 

A nurse is caring for a client with decreased effective circ…

A nurse is caring for a client with decreased effective circulating volume related to heart failure. Which physiologic responses does the nurse expect to occur due to the activation of the body’s fluid and sodium regulatory mechanisms?  Select all that apply.

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a 64‑year‑old cl…

A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a 64‑year‑old client admitted with Crohn’s disease and poor nutritional intake. The client reports muscle cramps and has a tremor noted on assessment. Which laboratory value represents a critical electrolyte imbalance and requires immediate nursing intervention?