A 12-month-old female infant with failure to thrive is brought to the office. Her parents note that she is very fussy and often spits up after feedings. She also has two loose foul-smelling stools each day. Serologic testing reveals elevated serum tissue transglutaminase antibody. You suspect Celiac disease. Which of the following foods can she eat safely without aggravating or inducing her symptoms?

An ill-appearing 9-week-old baby girl is brought to the emergency room. She is pale and dyspneic with a respiratory rate of 80 breaths per minute. Heart rate is 195 beats per minute, heart sounds are distant, a gallop is heard, and she has cardiomegaly on x-ray. An echocardiogram demonstrates poor ventricular function, dilated ventricles, and dilation of the left atrium. An ECG shows ventricular depolarization complexes that have low voltage. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis based on this clinical picture?

Choose one of the following short answer questions to answer in the space below. Include the number of the question that you are answering to clearly identify your choice.    1. Explain the ABCDE rule of melanoma. What is this rule used for? List and describe what each letter of the acronym “ABCDE” refers to.   2. Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disease that results in the production of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS). This unstable HbS molecule can result in episodes of “sickle cell crisis” under certain conditions. Discuss sickle cell crisis. Include the following in your answer: What physiologic condition causes sickle cell crisis to develop? Name at least one example of a trigger for sickle cell crisis. What happens to erythrocytes during sickle cell crisis, and how does this affect the microcirculation? What does this alteration in circulation lead to?   3. Discuss the phrase “shift-to-the left”. What does this shift refer to, and how is it detected? Be sure to include which type of leukocyte undergoes this shift as well as the underlying condition that causes a “shift-to-the-left”.    4. Discuss the pathophysiology of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Include at least one example of an underlying condition that may lead to the development of DIC. Be sure to include an explanation of how the paradox of widespread clot formation and hemorrhage occur simultaneously in DIC.

Thirteen-year-old Abraham is diagnosed with type II diabetes. His pharmacological management will include:

A 13-year-old girl is brought to the office by her mother because of poor attention span and deteriorating grades. She is also fidgety and cannot sit still. Her mother is also concerned because her daughter has lost 5 pounds during the past 2 months. Physical examination shows a blood pressure of 130/75 mmHg, a heart rate of 115 beats/min, and thyromegaly. You suspect Graves’ disease. Which of the following statements regarding the suspected diagnosis is correct?

A 27-year-old male lung transplant patient who is taking immunosuppressive medications has developed Kaposi sarcoma (KS). The nurse knows that the cause of this patient’s KS is most likely related to the fact that the patient:

What causes numbness and tingling in the fingers of individuals with untreated pernicious anemia?

1. London is north of Paris. 2. London is south of Edinburgh. 3. Therefore, Paris is south of Edinburgh.  (The first 2 lines are true.) Question: Is the argument above deductively sound?

In the final blank by the conclusion (what I call the “magic blank”), the final answer should be…

According to the book, to avoid slipping into the fallacy of hasty generalization…