A private exchange is also called c-business because of its relatively more collaborative nature.

Databases and interactive marketing are important IMC tools that help marketers collect information from customers and then segment markets according to demographics and preferences.

Odd pricing originated as a way to force clerks to make change, thus serving as a cash-control device.

The process of communicating promotional messages begins with encoding.

The buying behavior of an individual in a group is not only affected by the norms of the group, but also by that individual’s role and status within the group.

Interpretative research is an observational method that observes consumers in their natural setting.

Homeshoring is the practice of hiring workers to do jobs from home.

In the early stages of B2B transactions, marketers believed that online trading was limited to only a few types of products.

The first step in the AIDA concept involves convincing the would-be buyer of the product’s ability to satisfy his or her needs.

The promotional mix requires a carefully designed blend of variables to satisfy the needs of a company’s customers and achieve organizational objectives.