An Amazon parrot presents to the hospital with the following clinical signs: blunted choanal papillae, plantar erosions on the planter surfaces of the feet, poor-quality feathering, and poor skin. Its diet consists of seeds only. Which of the following diseases is most likely to cause these signs?

The bones of a tortoise shell are covered with structures called scutes. What are scutes made of?

Which of the following statements is true regarding carnivorous lizards?

Total blood volume in a reptilian patient is approximately what percentage of the body weight?

In an avian patient, into which of the following muscles are intramuscular injections generally administered?

Oral examinations are most commonly performed in snakes using which of the following?

A snake presents to the clinic 12 hours after suspected ingestion of a foreign body. Which of the following diagnostics should be performed first?

A healthy bird can only lose ≤10% of its blood volume safely. You have been asked to draw a blood sample from a 1-kg macaw. What is the maximum amount of blood that can be taken from this patient safely?

Which of the following is most commonly used to obtain a heart rate in a reptilian patient?

Which of the following is responsible for sound generation in birds?