The pupillary light reflex is initiated when light shines on which of the following structures?

The primary visual cortex is in which of the following?

Which of the following factors facilitates the inward sodium current in the outer segments of rods during scotopic (night vision) conditions?

Which of the following best describes the power of accommodation of the eye in a typical 90-year-old person (in diopters)?

The attenuation reflex protects the cochlea from loud, low frequency sounds by which of the following mechanisms?

The function of the round window can best be described by which of the following statements?

Which of the following types of ganglion cells are least in number but are large receptive fields that respond to instantaneous changes in visual field?

Simplify the expression. Convert answer to radical notation. 

Factor the given trinomial

Determine which values of the variable, if any, will make the rational expression undefined.       and