A random sample of patient records from a large medical facility were taken and subjects were classified by smoking status and cholesterol levels. The results are summarized in the table with observed counts next to expected values in parentheses followed by the Chi-square component for each cell in brackets. Based on the results of your mechanics in the previous problem, what conclusion could the researchers make at a 1% level of significance?

A 45-year-old patient with a history of hypertension presents to the emergency department after a sudden, severe headache described as “the worst headache of my life,” followed by nausea, vomiting, and confusion. A CT scan confirms a subarachnoid hemorrhage, and the patient begins showing signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), including bradycardia and irregular respirations. The healthcare team considers placing burr holes to relieve ICP. What is the most appropriate indication for performing burr holes in this patient?

A nurse is counseling a 45-year-old patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes during a follow-up visit. The patient expresses interest in managing their blood sugar through dietary changes but feels overwhelmed by conflicting advice online. The nurse educates the patient about incorporating low-glycemic index (GI) foods into their diet. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding of the dietary recommendations?

A nurse is educating a group of patients on hepatitis and its various types. During the session, a patient asks about the differences between hepatitis types and their modes of transmission. Which statements about hepatitis types are accurate? (Select all that apply)  

A 65-year-old patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4 and hypertension is being reviewed for medication adjustments. The patient’s current medications include an ACE inhibitor, which they have been taking for years to manage blood pressure. Recent labs reveal: ·     Serum creatinine: 3.5 mg/dL (elevated) ·     Potassium: 5.8 mEq/L (elevated) ·     GFR: 22 mL/min/1.73m² (reduced) The healthcare provider considers whether to continue the ACE inhibitor. What is the most appropriate action regarding the use of ACE inhibitors in this patient?

A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old Orthodox Jewish patient admitted to the hospital for surgery. The patient requests kosher meals during their stay. The nurse reviews dietary guidelines to ensure the patient’s cultural and religious needs are met. Which of the following practices align with the principles of a kosher diet? (Select all that apply)

A 32-year-old patient presents to the clinic with a painless ulcer on their genital area that has been present for two weeks. The patient also reports mild fatigue but no other symptoms. The healthcare provider diagnoses primary syphilis based on physical findings and a positive Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test. Which treatment is most appropriate for this patient?

A 62-year-old postoperative patient complains of abdominal discomfort and bloating on the second day after abdominal surgery. The nurse notes absent bowel sounds, and the patient has not passed flatus or had a bowel movement since surgery. The patient reports mild nausea but no vomiting. The healthcare provider diagnoses paralytic ileus. What is the priority nursing intervention for managing this patient?

A nurse is counseling a 45-year-old patient who recently lost their spouse to a sudden illness. During the session, the patient states, “I keep thinking this must be a mistake. I just can’t believe they’re gone.” The nurse recognizes this as part of the grieving process described by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross. Which of the following correctly represents the sequence of stages in the Kübler-Ross model of grief?

A nurse is caring for a 68-year-old patient with metastatic cancer who has been experiencing severe pain and difficulty breathing. The healthcare provider discusses options for palliative care and hospice care with the patient and family. The patient asks, “How is palliative care different from hospice care?” Which response by the nurse best explains the difference?