You have been asked to work with a group that is comparing two different types of IV dressing: Sticky Dressing and Gummy Dressing. You will be comparing whether the dressing remains intact for 48 hours. The group decides to randomize the patients who enroll in the study to either one dressing type or the other. The null hypothesis for this study would be:

Use this scenario for questions 29 and 30.In a study comparing educational strategies for patients undergoing surgery, patients were randomly assigned to the control group or the new, experimental intervention. Measures of knowledge were taken before and after the education for both groups. A survey was used to measure the knowledge that was scored 0-100 (higher score indicating greater knowledge).  What type of analysis could be used to see if the level of knowledge for ONLY the intervention group participants changed between the two time points? You might do this to see if the intervention improved their knowledge.

Use the below table to answer questions 33 and 34. This is a table from a trial of a clinical intervention for patients living with multiple chronic conditions (Salisbury 2018).  Assume you are using the standard value for alpha. Based on the table, the difference in means between the intervention and control groups for the outcome variable “Mean HADS Depression score” were:

You anticipate a large effect size in your study; therefore you will need a large sample size.

Sample statistics can always be generalized back to the original population.

Use this scenario for questions 29 and 30.In a study comparing educational strategies for patients undergoing surgery, patients were randomly assigned to the control group or the new, experimental intervention. Measures of knowledge were taken before and after the education for both groups. A survey was used to measure the knowledge that was scored 0-100 (higher score indicating greater knowledge).  What type of analysis could be used to see if the level of knowledge for ONLY the intervention group participants changed between the two time points? You might do this to see if the intervention improved their knowledge.

You have been asked to work with a group that is comparing two different types of IV dressing: Sticky Dressing and Gummy Dressing. You will be comparing whether the dressing remains intact for 48 hours. The group decides to randomize the patients who enroll in the study to either one dressing type or the other. The null hypothesis for this study would be:

If the researcher sets the level of significance or alpha at 0.01 and the p value in your study is 0.03 your results are statistically significant.

You find that the mean number of minutes exercised per day for one group in your study is 40 minutes and the median for the group is 40 minutes. From this information, you might conclude that the data for this group are:

Your company recently demoted a 46 year old worker, allegedly due to performance issues.  A 53 year old worker was appointed to replace the 46 year old.  The 46 year old has sued for age discrimination, alleging that she was demoted and replaced because of her age.  Name at least one legal defense (a defense that you could make to this employee’s claim even if the employee was not really fired for performance reasons – i.e. assume that the decision was made based upon age) to this claim that you can raise, and explain that defense.