The photo below shows a ridge of sand that connects an island to the mainland. This feature is called a __________.

Subtropical deserts exist mostly at __________.

A __________ dune will form in relatively flat regions, where sand supply is limited and vegetation is absent.  It will have a crescent shape with its tips pointing downwind.

A crescent-shaped dune whose tips point upwind and is usually found in regions where vegetation partially covers the dune is called __________.

__________ is a mineral that might be present in an igneous rock such as granite.

The point within Earth where an earthquake takes place is termed the ___________.

__________________ is the downslope movement of Earth materials due to gravity.

The sediment load of a stream consists of only those grains that are fine enough to stay in suspension.

Which atmospheric gas (besides carbon dioxide) is responsible for most of Earth’s greenhouse effect?

What is the greenhouse effect? List at least two gases that contribute to it. From the perspective of a planet, is the greenhouse effect a “good thing” or a “bad thing” or is it more complicated than that? Contrast the three planets Mars, Earth, and Venus as examples.