Scenario:Ms. Lopez is a preschool teacher. She introduces a new rule to her class:”Before you leave the classroom, you must wash your hands.”She models the behavior by going to the sink, turning on the faucet, and washing her hands while narrating each step.Over the next few days, most children consistently wash their hands before leaving, even without direct reinforcement. However, a few children only wash if reminded or praised directly by Ms. Lopez. Question:Based on the concepts of rule-governed behavior, modeling, and generalized imitation, explain why some children immediately follow the rule independently while others require additional prompting.

Explain why Epstein’s pigeon study was important for understanding imitation.

“The peak shift phenomenon occurs when the highest response rate shifts away from Sᴰ after discrimination training with an SΔ.”

Explain why Epstein’s pigeon study was important for understanding imitation.

Contingency-shaped behavior is primarily influenced by experiences rather than verbal descriptions.

Scenario: At a workplace, employees are given a new company manual stating that “all personal phone calls must be limited to 5 minutes during work hours.” Employees read the rule but do not experience any immediate consequences for violating it. Nevertheless, most employees limit their calls. In contrast, in another department, workers receive small bonuses if they are observed limiting calls; violations are met with minor reprimands.  Question: Analyze the two departments and explain whether employees’ behavior is more rule-governed or contingency-shaped, and why.

Contingency-shaped behavior is primarily influenced by experiences rather than verbal descriptions.

Which of the following best describes the peak shift effect?

According to delay-reduction theory, a stimulus is more valuable if it signals a larger reduction in delay to reinforcement.

Correspondence relations involve: