The bones of a tortoise shell are covered with structures called scutes. What are scutes made of?

Which of the following is a condition in which uric acid is deposited into the joints and visceral organs and is caused by dehydration, kidney disease, and a high-protein diet?

A healthy bird can only lose ≤10% of its blood volume safely. You have been asked to draw a blood sample from a 1-kg macaw. What is the maximum amount of blood that can be taken from this patient safely?

Many species of lizards can “drop” or detach their tails if they are grabbed or restrained too tightly. This natural predatory response is referred to as:

An Amazon parrot presents to the hospital with the following clinical signs: blunted choanal papillae, plantar erosions on the planter surfaces of the feet, poor-quality feathering, and poor skin. Its diet consists of seeds only. Which of the following diseases is most likely to cause these signs?

Which of the following statements is true regarding carnivorous lizards?

Total blood volume in a reptilian patient is approximately what percentage of the body weight?

In an avian patient, what is the choana?

The pupil in birds and reptiles is made up of which type of muscle?

Oral examinations are most commonly performed in snakes using which of the following?