(01.01 MC) A scientist wants to test whether the pH, salinity, or temperature of seawater impacts coral development. He sets up an experiment with three conditions: Aquarium 1: Normal pH, normal salinity, normal temperatureAquarium 2: High pH, high salinity, high temperatureAquarium 3: Low pH, low salinity, low temperature What factor would improve experimental design the most? (3 points)

(02.01 MC) The theory of plate tectonics is supported by evidence that some sediment layers on the floor of the Atlantic Ocean are thinner than expected. How does this observation support the theory of plate tectonics? (3 points)

(02.02 LC) What have scientists determined forms and shapes land masses here on Earth? (3 points)

(02.06 LC) Which of the following best defines the water cycle, also known as the hydrological cycle? (3 points)

(01.03 LC) During which phase of the moon do spring tides typically occur? (3 points)

(02.06 MC) Which process of the hydrological cycle is maintained by the ocean’s large surface area? (3 points)

(02.05 HC) A study was conducted to examine the impact of temperature changes on the number of “non-native species” in an area of the mid-Atlantic ocean. The results of the study are shown in the table below.   Temperature (°C) Number of species Sample 1 15 12 Sample 2 22 10 Sample 3 32 23 Sample 4 27 19   What is the relationship between temperature and non-native species? (3 points)

(01.03 MC) Downwelling is the process that moves cold, dense water from the ocean surface to the seafloor near the polar regions. How can downwelling affect the ocean water around the poles? (3 points)

(03.01 MC) Over the last few decades, scientists have noticed that lobsters, which obtain heat from the environment rather than generating it themselves, are moving north at a rate of six kilometers per year. What is the best explanation based on these observations? (3 points)

(01.03 MC) In order to simulate mesopelagic zone conditions in a model aquarium design, what temperature and pressure conditions would be required? (3 points)