Valence limits the number of bonds a carbon atom can form.

When you fry an egg in a fry pan, you denature all hydrogen bonds in the albumin protein molecules that comprise the egg white. Albumin molecules are no longer in the 3-D configuration as functional proteins. What level of protein structure is now present in the cooked egg white?

What is the difference in the outcome of a hydrolysis chemical reaction compared to a dehydration chemical reaction?

The element that is so important to biological organisms is carbon. The primary reason for this is it selectively bonds to only a few other elements.

The RNA molecule is the template for DNA synthesis.

There are several types of glucose polymers in the foods we eat. Why is it that we can metabolize starch but not cellulose?

The healthcare provider prescribes erythropoietin to the client at discharge.  The client asks the nurse, “How does the medication work?”  Knowing the function of erythropoietin, which statement best describes the expected effect of the medication?

Refer to Source 1A  1.1.1  What was the “Brest peace” to which Lenin refers? (2×1) (2)  1.1.2 Using your own knowledge, who were the two opposing sides in the Russian Civil War? (2×1) (2) 1.1.3 a) What economic and political policy does Lenin refer to as “our mistake”? (1×2) (2)   b) Why do you think Lenin refers to this as a mistake? (2×2) (4) 1.1.4  Provide a definition of the following: ·  Communism (1×2) ·  Vanguard of the Proletariat (1×2) (4)        Refer to Source 1B   1.2.1  According to the source, what effect did the NEP have on agricultural output? Quote a fact from the source to support your answer. (2×1) (2)  1.2.2  Explain why the source states that “the availability of food in the cities was restored” was the most important reform? (1×2) (2)  1.2.3 Why do you think that there were “knock-on” improvements in industrial production? (1×2) (2)       Refer to Source 1C 1.3.1   Alexandre Barmine refers to “we” in this source. Who do you think this refers to? (1×2) (2)   1.3.2 Why did Barmine want to “quit” the party? (2×1) (2)  1.3.3 In your opinion, do you agree with Barmine’s view that the NEP betrayed the revolution? Give a good reason for your answer. (2×2) (2) 1.3.4 To what extent is this source reliable to a historian studying Communism in Russia? (2×2) (4)     Refer to Source 1D  1.4.1 Who were the “Nepmen”? (1×2) (2) 1.4.2  Discuss the intention behind the creation of this source. You must refer to the visual clues to support your answer (2×2) (4)  1.4.3  In what way are Source 1C and 1D similar? (1×2) (2)  1.4.4  Explain a reason why historians should be aware of stereotypes in historical sources. (1×2) (2)        1.5  Using your own knowledge and the information in the sources, write a paragraph of ten to fifteen (10-15) lines in which you discuss the outcomes of Lenin’s New Economic Policy.      

SECTION B: ESSAY QUESTIONS      Right-click the button to open the essay rubric in a new tab.      3. Capitalism in the USA   ‘In 1933 Roosevelt launched the New Deal – a series of measures to rescue the American economy.’   Discuss the validity of this statement by referring to the impact the New Deal had on the economy of the USA after the Great Depression.       OR   4. Australia and the Indigenous Australians In an essay critically discuss the extent to which the application of eugenics and Social Darwinism threatened the continued existence of the indigenous people of Australia and indicate whether this amounted to genocide or not.  

  Study Source 2A   2.1.1  Define the following concepts: (a)   Eugenics (1×2) (b)   Aryan Race (1×2) (4)  2.1.2  What do you think Hitler was trying to achieve through writing as shown in Source A?  Support your answer with evidence from the source. (2×2) (4)  2.1.3  Using the source and your own knowledge, explain how Hitler created a racial state with the propaganda. (2×2) (4)          Study Source 2B   2.2.1  According to Source C, what were two of the ‘illnesses’ that one could be sterilized for having in Nazi Germany? (2×1) (2)   2.2.2  According to the source, how many people were sterilized under the Law for the prevention of Hereditary Diseased Offspring? (1×1) (1)  2.2.3  Was this law based on beliefs regarding positive or negative eugenics? (1×2) (2)  2.2.4  Using your own knowledge, explain the aim of sterilization in Nazi Germany. (1×2) (2)  2.2.5 Based on your understanding of human rights, provide a quote that clearly indicates the violation of human rights. (1×2) (3) 2.2.6 Using your own knowledge, state THREE other groups which the Nazis targeted. (3×1) (3)         Study Source 2C   2.3.1 Based on Source 2C, describe the artist’s view of the ideal German family. (2×2) (4)) 2.3.2  Identify TWO elements in this painting and explain why the artist included these.  (2×2) (4)          Study Source 1D   2.4.1  According to Source D, what were German women being awarded for doing? (1×1) (1)  2.4.2  According to the source, what qualified women to receive a Gold Cross? (1×1) (1)  2.4.3  What is the cartoonist’s attitude towards the situation he is depicting in the cartoon?  Use evidence from the source to support your answer. (2×2) (4)  2.4.4  Study Source 2C and 2D. Explain the contrasting perspectives of the two artists. (2×2) (4)        2.5  Using your own knowledge and relevant information in the sources, write a paragraph of approximately TEN to FIFTEEN (10-15) lines in which you discuss how the Nazi Party used eugenics in its racial policies.