Free Response 1: For each phase of an action potential, name the phase, indicate the state of each ion channel, what is happening to the potential, and which way and which type of ions are moving. Free Response 2:  List the name, number and function of the cranial nerves

Free Response 1: Describe the signaling cascade that occurs in a rod cell in both darkness and light. Start your description at the point the photon hits or does not hit a retinal molecule and finish with the excitation or inhibition of the postsynaptic cell

Information regarding the Make Up Policy: I acknowledge that I have 24 hours after the deadline of a Test to contact The Instructor to request a make up. I acknowledge that requesting a Make Up test does not guarantee that the request will be granted and that the validity of my excuse will be determined by the instructor and require documentation. I acknowledge that I will the due date of the make up test will be set by the instructor based on the circumstances. I acknowledge that any tests not made up within the time frame set by my instructor may result in a zero

Page 10: 46. Which glands are found in the ear and produce a waxy substance? 47. Which is a major storage site for adipose tissue? 48. Which portion of the nail is found beneath the surface of the skin? 49. Which portion of the skin contains Meissner corpuscles (corpuscles of touch) capillary loops and free nerve endings? 50. The portion of a hair above the surface of the skin is called the

Page 10:  46. During muscle contraction, which of the following shortens? 47. The neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction of a skeletal muscle is 48. In which phase of the contraction myosin attach to actin? 49. Which connective tissue surrounds a fascicle of muscle fibers? 50. Extensions of the sarcolemma that carry action potentials to the triad are called

41. Which of the following is a condyloid joint 42. What type of muscle is branched, striated, involuntary and contains intercalated discs? 43. In muscle fibers, thin filaments are made of 44. The cytoplasm of a muscle cell is the   45. Of the following, which would not lead to muscle contraction?

In the hierarchy of evidence, cross-sectional studies are NOT superior to cohort studies  

Page 7: 31. Which tissue is found in moveable joints, covering the ends of long bones, in the tracheal rings, the nose and attaching the ribs to the sternum? 32. Which connective tissue has many branched fibers that form the framework for the parenchymal cells of soft organs? 33. Which connective tissue is considered a loose connective tissue? 34. A gland with multiple, bulb-shaped secretory portions sharing a single duct would be classified as a . Hint: an example would be a sebaceous gland 35. Which connective tissue is capable of storing mechanical energy as it is stretched out, then returns to its original shape?  

Page 1: 1. Two or more tissues working together for a common function is called a 2. The spleen belongs to the system 3. Which is a the best description of the function of the lymphatic and immune system Consider the following: When damage is sustained to a larger artery, significant blood loss can occur. A decrease in blood volume consequently causes blood pressure to drop. A drop in blood pressure is detected by baroreceptors that experience less stretch in certain arteries. This information is received by the cardiovascular center of the medulla oblongata which responds by sending nervous impulses through the sympathetic cardiac accelerator nerves. This results in an increased heart rate. As blood is pumped more quickly through the blood vessels, blood loss accelerates. This further decreases blood volume and therefore blood pressure. The medulla oblongata responds by telling the heart to beat even faster. This further increases blood lose, decreasing blood volume and blood pressure. Without medical intervention, this loop can continue until the the brain is no longer receiving enough oxygen leading to death. 4. The above is describing a 5. A plane that divides the body into equal right and left portions is a

Page 4: 16. The tiny channels that allow nutrients to flow between osteocytes are called 17. Which of the following is a cartilaginous joint? 18. A synarthrosis is a 19 The outer layer of an articular capsule is the 20. What substance is typically found inside of the articular capsule?