Red-green colorblindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. A colorblind woman and a man with normal vision have a son. What is the probability that the son is colorblind?

The Central Dogma: encodes RNA; encodes protein

Early in development, when female mammalian embryos consist of just a few thousand cells, one X chromosome condenses into a structure called a Barr body.  By this process, females compensate for their double genetic dose of X chromosome.  This process is called _________________

A testcross involves

The distribution of cytoplasm to daughter cells is accomplished during __________.

A karyotype is an image of  _____  from a single cell.

One source of genetic variation is crossing over which occurs in ______________.

Amino acids are linked onto a polypeptide chain by ribosomes. What carries free amino acids to the ribosomes?

A duplicated chromosome consists of two __________.

The cell cycle results in the production of ______.