According to Ray and Heyes (2011), imitation arises mainly from:

Explain why Epstein’s pigeon study was important for understanding imitation.

Correspondence relations involve:

The mathematical formula for the Matching Law is: where BA and BB represent , and RA and RB represent .

“The ability of hooded crows to pass relational matching-to-sample (RMTS) tests suggests that they form emergent stimulus relations without explicit reinforcement.”

Contingency-shaped behavior is primarily influenced by experiences rather than verbal descriptions.

Pliance refers to rule-following primarily because:

Which situation best illustrates automatic reinforcement maintaining rule-followed behavior?

According to delay-reduction theory, a stimulus is more valuable if it signals a larger reduction in delay to reinforcement.

Which of the following best describes the peak shift effect?