Some microbes have the enzyme ________ which turns the superoxide ion into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.

A genetically modified organism, or GMO, as per the most current definition, most closely means “an organism that  _______”

Bacterial (& mitochondrial / chloroplast) ribosomes are ______ than eukaryotic ones.

Most microbes that are pathogenic to humans are ________

What is a “substrate”?

The term for the division / reproduction of a typical bacterium is ______

The Ames test uses _______ to test the mutagenicity and hence carcinogenicity of chemicals such as those used in agriculture.

What is the term for RNA segments that do NOT code for amino acids?

Let’s say you found a paper showing evidence that the Bt toxin gene in GMO corn is “constitutively expressed.”  What would this mean?

Transduction involves bacteria obtaining their genes directly from _______