Which of the following statements best describes the role of fluency in learning to read?

A kindergarten teacher notices a student can clap syllables in words but struggles with identifying beginning sounds. Which skill should the teacher prioritize next according to the continuum of phonological awareness development?

A “vowel team” in syllabication rules can be defined as:

A kindergarten teacher groups her students in pairs and gives them each an alphabet card. (One student has an uppercase letter; the second has the same lowercase letter.) She provides each pair with a tic-tac-toe grid, and they have to play tic-tac-toe, writing the letter they were assigned.This activity allows the students to receive additional practice in mastering the skills related to:

It is important for a teacher to explicitly teach tier three vocabulary to elementary students for all the following reasons except:

A first-grade student reads the word “tap” as “tap” but then reads “tape” incorrectly as “tap.” What is the most likely instructional need for this student?

In a class for students identified with specific learning disabilities, the teacher begins her fluency instruction with sight word activities and uses decodable texts that relate to their weekly phonics lesson. This instruction will enable the students to make improvements in which area of fluency?

A vocabulary strategy that supports early vocabulary development for students is:

Ms. Lopez, a second-grade teacher, wants to improve her students’ reading fluency rate. She plans to implement strategies that will help her students read more quickly and accurately while maintaining comprehension. Which of the following strategies would be the most effective for Ms. Lopez to teach her students about fluency rate?

The foundational skills that directly support students with automaticity in reading fluency are: