Botox injections reduce/prevent muscle contractions up to 3 months. Based on the model and what you know about neurophysiology, what toxin (Type I or Type 2) would be the best to counteract/reverse the effects of Botox? Explain your answer.

Consider someone who is hypo-ventilating resulting in increased levels of carbon dioxide in the blood. In this situation what would you expect to observe?

What is the net filtration pressure at the arteriole end of the capillary?   Pressures (mmHg) Arterial End of Capillary Venule End of Capillary Hydrostatic pressure in the capillary 30 15 Osmotic pressure in the capillary 26 26 Hydrostatic pressure in the interstitial space 0 0 Osmotic pressure in the interstitial space 6 6 PO2 100 42 PCO2 40 46

Which answer places the following events in proper order for pulmonary ventilation?

What number corresponds to the period of ventricular repolarizaton?

What molecule is considered the energy currently of the cell; it donates its energy by breaking one of its bonds?

This figure shows the O2 content (mL O2/100 mL blood) and % Hb-O2 saturation under normal, carbon monoxide and severe anemic conditions.   A. For resting systemic tissue, what is the Hb-O2 saturation for someone who is anemic and someone who has carbon monoxide poisoning?   B. Under normal conditions, if the partial pressure is 40 mm Hg, what is the best estimate of the amount of O2 (ml O2/100 mL) that is released from blood as it circulates through systemic tissues?   

A drug is administered that blocks the potassium-channels embedded in the sarcolemma of cardiac muscle cells (i.e., diminishes the ability for K+ to flow across the membrane). How will this affect the length of the refractory period? Explain your reasoning.

Of the choices provided, what is the  2nd  step to stimulate the quadriceps (large skeletal muscle of the thigh)?

What is the state of the heart by the end of early ventricular systole?