An offense motivated by hatred against a victim because of his or her race, ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, disability, or national origin is called

“Common law” refers to

A defense in which a person admits responsibility, but argues that under the circumstances, what he or she did was right is a(n)

Crimes that are considered inherently evil and immoral in nature, such as murder, rape, and theft, are referred to as

The concept that society produces criminals by stigmatizing certain individuals as deviants:

Which of the following was NOT one of the elements of the social bond that Travis Hirschi elaborated on in his development of social control theory?

Which constitutional amendment includes the right to remain silent?

In On Criminal Man, Lombroso argued that _____________ criminals were “born” as evolutionary degenerates, not made.

Which of the following is NOT part of the First Amendment?

A sphygmomanometer is used to measure _____________________.