The Maximize Onset Principle states that every consonant immediately preceding the Nucleus occupies an Onset position.

These two signs differ by one contrastive sign parameter. Which one?

What mechanism in the EGF-initiated pathway DOES NOT lead to the continuing growth of tumor cells?

If β-D-ribose reacts with the amino acid threonine, what type of glycosidic bond would be formed?

If you find a minimal pair involving two sounds, this is evidence that the two sounds are:

Consider the data below from the made-up language “Fandros.” Compare the sounds and . (Note: is a voiced oral bilabial fricative, and is a voiced oral alveolar trill.)           nelon            ‘laughter’                dampuse        ‘evident’           ʃomβus          ‘reason’                  vinselbi         ‘displays’                fisandi           ‘changes’                 nadpristo      ‘allow’           fisanli           ‘waterfall’               pogimβelu      ‘reappearance’           laʃimbad        ‘speak’                    vimpaz          ‘table’ 1. Are and separate phonemes in Fandros, or are they allophones of the same phoneme? 2. What is the distribution of and in Fandros? 3. Is there a minimal pair relevant to the distribution of and in this dataset? 4. What are the conditioning environments relevant to the complementary distribution of ? Choose N/A if these sounds do not have complementary environments. 5. What are the conditioning environments relevant to the complementary distribution of ? Choose N/A if these sounds do not have complementary environments. 6. What is the phonological rule that accounts for the distribution of and ? Choose N/A if there is no rule. 7. What type of rule is this? Choose N/A if there is no rule. 8. Here is a hypothetical Fandros word with one segment missing: . Can you predict which of the two sounds would appear in the blank?

Here are three phonological rules from a made-up language “Bijin.” Bijin has the following phonetic sound inventory: Consonants: Vowels:                           Rule 1: voiced obstruent –> voiceless / __#                         Rule 2: alveolar stop –> post-alveolar affricate / __ front vowel                         Rule 3: tense vowel –> lax / in unstressed syllables            Answer the five questions below about how you would fill in the derivation chart for this Bijin word: 1. What is the Underlying Form of this word? 2. What changes are made to this word by Rule 1? 3. What changes are made to this word by Rule 2? 4. What changes are made to this word by Rule 3? 5. What is the Surface Form of this word?

Individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) display a characteristic set of symptoms including all of the following EXCEPT:

Here are three phonological rules from a made-up language “Bijin.” Bijin has the following phonetic sound inventory: Consonants: Vowels:                           Rule 1: voiced obstruent –> voiceless / __#                         Rule 2: alveolar stop –> post-alveolar affricate / __ front vowel                         Rule 3: tense vowel –> lax / in unstressed syllables           Answer the five questions below about how you would fill in the derivation chart for this Bijin word: 1. What is the Underlying Form of this word? 2. What changes are made to this word by Rule 1? 3. What changes are made to this word by Rule 2? 4. What changes are made to this word by Rule 3? 5. What is the Surface Form of this word?

Non-manual markers in signed languages are often used to indicate sentence-level meaning, such as negation.