Which pope was responsible for sending a 100,000 person army to support the retaking of Jerusalem in the First Crusade?

In Arabic, shi’a means

Where was Muhammad born?

Who was the first Muslim caliph after Muhammad’s death?

European farmers in the High Middle Ages discovered that a _______________ field rotation helped improve agricultural output.

The word islam means

What was the exception to the Qur’an’s rule of Muslim equality?

Government regulation in the Byzantine empire became so strict that the government even regulated which chariot racing team a person had to cheer for.

What did the Turks rename Constantinople after they conquered it in 1453?

What is one reason why the long stability of the Byzantine Empire was important for Western Civilization?