Bars of longitudinal reinforcement must extend the full beam length.

A beam is singly reinforced with the reinforcement in two rows. The bottom row contains 8 No. 7 bars at a depth of 24 in. The top row contains 6 No. 8 bars at a depth of 20.5 in. Determine the effective (centroidal) depth, d, of the steel.

A beam has dimensions of b = 18 in., h = 24 in., and d = 21.5 in. and is reinforced with 5 No. 8 bars. The concrete strength is 7,300 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. Determine the strength Mn for this beam.

In typical U.S. practice, beam depths are rounded to a whole inch unit and often to an even number of inches.

It is important not to overestimate d, because normal construction practices may lead to smaller values of d than are shown on the drawings.

A beam has dimensions of b = 14 in., h = 28 in., d’ = 2.5 in., and d = 25.5 in. It is reinforced with 2 No. 5 bars on the compression side and 4 No. 8 bars on the tension side. The concrete strength is 2,500 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. If the depth of the neutral axis is c = 6.268 in., determine the strain in the compression reinforcement, ε’s.

A concrete floor system with a ratio of the longer to the shorter span length that is less than 2 is usually considered a one-way system.

When faced with severe architectural restrictions on the dimensions of a beam, a designer may be forced to use a singly reinforced section.

A beam has dimensions of b = 14 in., h = 26 in., d’ = 2.5 in., and d = 23.5 in. It is reinforced with 2 No. 5 bars on the compression side and 4 No. 8 bars on the tension side. The concrete strength is 4,000 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. If the depth of the neutral axis is c = 4.199 in., determine the force in the compression reinforcement, Cs.

A beam has dimensions of b = 18 in., h = 28 in., and d = 25.5 in. and is reinforced with 4 No. 6 bars. The concrete strength is 6,400 psi, and the yield strength of the reinforcement is 60,000 psi. Assuming the reinforcement has yielded, determine the depth to the neutral axis, c.