Answer one of the following two questions about Marie de Fra…

Answer one of the following two questions about Marie de France’s lais: 10. The editors of our textbook write the following: “Romances classically have a tripartite structure: integration (or implied integration), disintegration, and reintegration. They begin in, or at least imply, a protected, civilized state of some integrated social unit (for example, the family). That state is disrupted, expelling a member of the unit–the hero or heroine of the story, who is usually young–into a wild place. Undergoing the tests of that wild place is required for return to the integrated, civilized state of familial or social unity. Successfully undergoing tests in the wild often results in marriage, in which case the return to home and family is also a return to an enlarged home and family” (p. 142). Discuss this tripartite structure in relation to one or more of the stories we read by Marie de France.  12. Select one of the following topics and discuss it in relation to “Bisclavret”: spousal betrayal court/human/civilized vs. forest/animal/wild noseless female offspring allegory of homosexuality cruelty and justice Show your ability to interpret literature.

Answer one of the following three questions about Old Englis…

Answer one of the following three questions about Old English poetry: 1. How does “The Dream of the Rood” present Christ as a new type of hero designed to resonate with Anglo-Saxon values and make Christianity appealing to a Northern warrior culture? Support your claims with specific details from the text. 2. What emotions does the female speaker in “The Wife’s Lament” communicate, and what caused these emotions? How are they conveyed through the poem’s language and imagery? Support your claims with specific details from the text. 3. How can comparing six translations of “Wulf and Eadwacer” enhance your understanding of the original poem’s meaning and the interpretive choices made by its translators? Use examples from multiple translations to illustrate your claims.