The nurse is assessing the genitalia of an older adult male client. Which findings should the nurse recognize a normal expected age-related change? Select all that apply.

The nurse is assessing the genitalia and rectum of a 71-year-old client. When assessing the client’s vagina, the nurse should know that age-related changes increase the client’s risk of what abnormal finding?

A client arrives for a pelvic examination. Which action should the nurse take first to prepare the client?

During the health history, a postmenopausal client mentions that they are experiencing vaginal dryness and asks why. When responding to the client, the nurse incorporates understanding that a decrease in which hormone is primarily responsible?

A nurse observes a client using crutches. Which action requires immediate correction?

The nurse assesses four male clients. In which client would the nurse expect to find gynecomastia during the assessment?

A nurse is assessing a client who reports feeling lumps in both breasts over the past several months.  Which question by the nurse is most important to help determine whether the findings are consistent with benign fibrocystic breasts?

During a rectal examination, the stool appears brown and formed; however, fecal occult blood testing is positive. Which interpretation by the nurse is most appropriate?

The Pennsylvania and Reading Railroads collapsed due to overproduction in the American economy, and the resulting Panic of 1893 caused:  A) 25% unemploymentB) failure of businesses C) failure of banksD) all of these   

Part II. Subjective. Choose another of the following, and answer in two brief paragraphs(20 points each)  1. Why did westward expansion become so important to American history and to Americans themselves between the end of the Civil War and the dawn of the 20th century? What role did American settlers of all backgrounds play in Westward expansion? How did the American fulfillment of “Manifest Destiny” affect the lives of all Americans, including the Native American peoples of the West? What legacies of the Western movement can you still see affecting the United States today? Be sure to cite relevant persons, places, and events in your answer. 2. What were the principal factors behind American industrialization between 1870 and 1900? Name and describe the roll of at least two ‘Captains of Industry’ or ‘Robber Barons’ during America’s ‘Second Industrial Revolution.’ How did the development of the American economy lead to a maldistribution of wealth? Did average Americans prosper in the 19th century? What role did labor unions and populists play in trying to level the playing field? Be sure to use relevant details to support your answer.  3. Compare and contrast the populist movement with the labor movement. What kinds of tactics did both groups use to achieve their goals? How did the populists and the laborers affect American politics and social life? What accomplishments and trends in American life today can we trace back to the efforts of labor unions and the populists? Give the names of key leaders, policy ideas, and events to support your answer.  4. In 1898, the United States declared what John Hay called “A splendid little war” against Spain. Why did this war break out? Did the United States want to fight Spain for ideological or for economic reasons? Name two major theaters of the war and briefly describe American war aims. What were the short and long-term consequences of the war? Be sure to cite specific names and battles in your answer.