A 23-year old man is involved in a motor vehicle accident resulting in trauma to the abdomen and back.  He has a ruptured spleen and probable trauma to kidneys.  Which of the following changes in the urine should the nurse observe for?  

In clients experiencing acute renal failure which electrolyte imbalances is likely to be present?  

The nurse is caring for a client with a urinary catheter.  Which of the following is the most important nursing action for the nurse to take to prevent urinary tract infection in the client?  

The physician suspects acute pyelonephritis based on the client’s physical exam.  Which clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to assess?  

A client with diabetes mellitus and renal failure begins hemodialysis.  Which diet is best on days between dialysis treatment?  

An adult is admitted with suspected urolithiasis.  Which nursing diagnosis is of highest priority when planning nursing care for this client immediately after admission?  

When it comes evident that the client will require long-term hemodialysis, an internal arteriovenous fistula is created.  Which nursing assessment is most important to perform regularly when a client has an arteriovenous fistula?  

A client has been admitted to the hospital because of acute cystitis.  Her nursing care may include all of the following except:  

Three of the four following measures will help prevent the development of urinary tract infections.  Which one will not help?  

A client is returning to the medical unit after dialysis session.  The nurse notes bleeding form the client’s vascular access in the left arm.  Which of the following is the nurse’s first action?