Nick and his family travel to Arizona every summer. While tr…

Nick and his family travel to Arizona every summer. While traveling across the state, Nick ends up contracting botulism from some food that he eats at a gas station. Botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum and affects skeletal muscles. In skeletal muscles, this prevents the release of ACh from the axon terminals. If ACh is not released, this would:

A young kid falls from her bicycle.  An X-Ray reveals a comp…

A young kid falls from her bicycle.  An X-Ray reveals a complete fracture of her left Radius.  The doctor places a cast on her arm, which immobilizes her arm for 8 weeks.  After 8 weeks the cast is removed, however the muscles or the forearm are noticeably smaller when compared to the right forearm.  Which of the following would help explain the decrease in the size of her forearm muscles: