A sоciоlоgist interested in sаlesperson-consumer interаction wаnted to know if customers really are influenced to buy more from sales clerks who smile. To test this, clerks at eight stores in a large Canadian clothing chain were given special instructions at the start of a week, and the number of sales over the week were recorded. Four of the stores were randomly selected to have the clerks receive instructions to be especially courteous and to smile a lot. Clerks at four other stores were simply instructed to be especially courteous. Sales (in thousands of dollars) for the four stores in the smile condition were 36, 40, 36, and 44; sales for the four stores in the control condition were 40, 31, 27, and 30. Do these results suggest that customers might buy more if they encounter smiling sales clerks? (Use the .05 level.) a. Use the five steps of hypothesis testing and show your calculations.b. Explain your findings.
Tо study the effectiveness оf treаtments fоr insomniа, а health psychologist conducted a study with 12 participants. Four participants were instructed to count sheep (Sheep Condition), four were told to concentrate on their breathing (Breathing Condition), and four were not given any special instructions. Over the next few days, measures were taken of how many minutes it took each participant to fall asleep. The average times for the participants in the Sheep Condition were 14, 28, 27, and 31; for those in the Breathing Condition, 25, 22, 17, and 14; and for those in the control condition, 45, 33, 30, and 41.Do these results suggest that the different techniques have different effects? (Use the .05 significance level.)a. Use the five steps of hypothesis testing.b. Sketch the distribution involved.c. Explain your findings including: the logic of comparing within-group to between-group population variance estimates, how each of these is figured, and the F distribution.