Sophie, an employee at a manufacturing plant, files a grieva…
Sophie, an employee at a manufacturing plant, files a grievance claiming she was unfairly denied a promotion due to her seniority. Her union representative, who has had personal conflicts with Sophie in the past, dismisses her grievance without investigating or discussing it with management. When Sophie requests further assistance, the union rep tells her that the grievance isn’t worth pursuing and refuses to take it to the next step in the grievance process. This is an example of: