Put the fоllоwing аrgument in stаndаrd fоrm. Then, identify the logical form of the argument as you've represented it (it can be accurately represented as one of the forms studied in this unit) . The first thing that must occur to anyone studying moral subjectivism [the view that the rightness or wrongness of an action depends on the beliefs of an individual or group] seriously is that the view allows the possibility that an action can be both right and not right, or wrong and not wrong, etc. This possibility exists because, as we have seen, the subjectivist claims that the moral character of an action is determined by individual subjective states; and these states can vary from person to person, even when directed toward the same action on the same occasion. Hence one and the same action can evidently be determined to have—simultaneously—radically different moral characters. … [If] subjectivism … does generate such contradictory conclusions, the position is certainly untenable.
Whаt is the lоgicаl fоrm оr pаttern of the following argument: 1. Suppose God exists. 2. If God exists, then there would not be an excessive amount of suffering in the world. 3. There is an excessive amount of suffering the world. 4. God does not exist.
Put the fоllоwing аrgument in stаndаrd fоrm. Then, identify the logical form of the argument as you've represented it If ethical statements were simply statements about a the speaker's feelings, it would be impossible to argue about questions of value. To take a typical example: if a man said that thrift was a virtue, an another replied that it was a vice, they would not, on this theory, be disputing with one another. One would be saying that he approved of thrift, and the other that he didn't. There is no reason they both couldn't be right since they are only talking about their own feelings. However it is obvious that we do dispute about questions of value, and accordingly we can conclude that this form of subjectivism--that ethical statements are merely statements about a speaker's feelings--is false.