The Western world’s first measurable civilization – Sumer – grew up along and in between two rivers in modern-day Iraq – the Tigris and the what?

Although Alexander’s mother Olympias is often considered the most likely suspect, Alexander blamed the very public assassination of his father Philip on this nation as a pretext for launching and offensive a few years later

The rise of Monasteries and the religious life in the 500s gave birth to the university system and advanced writing and learning, as well as the creation of these elaborate hand-written and drawn books

While on his way to the battle at Milvian Bridge, Constantine saw a vision of this in the sky and then went on to win the battle and legalize Christianity in the empire after he became emperor

While the Athenians built a fleet of Trireme warships, this city-state took 300 of its Hoplite soldiers along with a few thousand other Greeks to Thermopylae to hold the much larger Persian army when Darius’ son Xerxes had launched a 2nd invasion in 480 BC

First issued in 1215 to control the excesses of King John, the would be revised and reissued for years as a way of making sure the King and Queen of England were subject to the law

The greatest king of the Achaemenid Persian empire, who was responsible for the most expansion of territory and is mentioned favorably in the Old Testament was this man.

After the Athenians had meddled and instigated the failed Ionian Revolts against the Persians, King Darius attacked Greece in 490 BC but was defeated at by a combined Greek army, with an Athenian soldier running the 26 miles back to the city to tell them of the victory

During the transesterification of triglycerides to biodiesel (methyl esters) with methanol and NaOH, what is the active species attacking the  C=O bond in the triglycerides?

The double bonds in natural unsaturated plant fatty acids are always and have number of carbons.