A healthy bird can only lose ≤10% of its blood volume safely. You have been asked to draw a blood sample from a 1-kg macaw. What is the maximum amount of blood that can be taken from this patient safely?

The pupil in birds and reptiles is made up of which type of muscle?

Oral examinations are most commonly performed in snakes using which of the following?

Which of the following vessels is most commonly used for intravenous catheterization in a larger lizard such as an iguana?

Which of the following feathers are trimmed as part of an avian wing trim?

In an avian patient, what is the choana?

Which of the following is most commonly used to obtain a heart rate in a reptilian patient?

A snake presents to the clinic 12 hours after suspected ingestion of a foreign body. Which of the following diagnostics should be performed first?

An Amazon parrot presents to the hospital with the following clinical signs: blunted choanal papillae, plantar erosions on the planter surfaces of the feet, poor-quality feathering, and poor skin. Its diet consists of seeds only. Which of the following diseases is most likely to cause these signs?

Which of the following is responsible for sound generation in birds?